WWang GroupResources → Conversion → Deployment → Outcomes
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Canonical framework

Understanding how renewable carbon can support a circular, resilient future.

Resources → Conversion → Deployment → Outcomes

Select a labelled element to see its explanation; use the link inside to search related research.

The framework follows renewable carbon from responsible resource choices through conversion and territorial deployment to climate, environmental and economic outcomes. It makes system boundaries and trade-offs visible across scales.
Module 01

Resources

Resources

Resource Supply & Secondary Feedstocks

How can biomass be sourced without compromising soils, agriculture or nutrient cycles?

Published foundations relate feedstock properties to conversion products; sustainable mobilization under soil, agronomic and nutrient constraints is a current research direction.

Responsible biomass sourcing

Biomass supply begins with deciding what can be removed, what must remain in the field and which uses take priority.

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Soil & agricultural safeguards

Soil health and agricultural functions set boundaries on residue removal; not every available stream is an appropriate feedstock.

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Nutrient return

Nutrient-rich fractions can be returned to land where appropriate, keeping resource use connected to soil fertility and farm systems.

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Publication figures1 publication figure
Machine-learning Van Krevelen workflow connecting feedstock and product relationships in thermal conversion
Figure 1 · data-driven feedstock relationships

The paper uses machine-learning-based Van Krevelen diagrams to visualize relationships between feedstock properties and thermal-conversion products.

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Representative published work1 publications
Module 02

Conversion

Conversion

Conversion & Circular Valorization

How can renewable and waste carbon be transformed selectively, efficiently and circularly?

We study thermochemical conversion, catalysis and carbon-material pathways from reaction mechanisms to integrated processes.

Catalysis

Catalysis can steer complex biomass molecules toward higher-value products with less waste.

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Thermochemical conversion

Thermochemical pathways turn difficult biomass and waste streams into fuels, chemicals or carbon materials.

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Circular carbon materials

Carbon materials can retain material value beyond a single conversion step.

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Publication figures4 publication figures
Comparison of conventional heating and distributed electrified heating reactor systems
Figure 1 · distributed electrified heating

The paper compares conventional and distributed electrified heating as process options for more efficient hydrogen production.

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Process strip showing biomass pyrolysis and catalytic graphitization toward green graphite
Figure 1A · biomass-to-graphite process

The paper develops a biomass-to-graphite route and discusses how the resulting graphite can support different applications.

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Microscopy and mechanism panels describing structure in biomass-derived graphite materials
Figure 1H–I · structure and mechanism

The study links graphite structure and formation mechanisms with the material pathways enabled by biomass conversion.

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Process comparison for converting plastic waste to jet-fuel cycloalkanes
Figure 1C–D · plastic-to-jet-fuel route

The paper converts plastic waste at ambient pressure into jet-fuel-range cycloalkanes through tandem hydropyrolysis and vapour-phase hydrogenation.

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Representative published work6 publications
Module 03

Deployment

Deployment

Deployment & Resource Allocation

Where, at what scale and under which constraints should resource-conversion systems be deployed?

Published evidence currently supports spatial resource screening and techno-economic feasibility; allocation, logistics, siting and territorial optimization are current research directions.

Resource allocation

Allocation links finite resources to the pathways where they create the most system value.

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Scale-up

Scale-up tests whether a promising reaction can become a feasible process under real flows and constraints.

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Spatial decision support

Spatial models make supply, transport and siting choices explicit across a territory.

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Publication figures1 publication figure
Map showing the spatial distribution of bamboo processing residues across China
Figure 2 · spatial resource distribution

The study maps bamboo-processing residues and evaluates the techno-economic feasibility of converting them into hard carbon.

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Representative published work1 publications
Module 04

Outcomes

Outcomes

Climate, Environmental & Economic Outcomes

Do proposed pathways deliver credible climate, environmental and economic value?

Life-cycle, techno-economic, energy-flow and carbon-accounting evidence tests whether technical pathways produce credible outcomes.

LCA & carbon accounting

LCA and carbon accounting make climate claims traceable to boundaries, counterfactuals and carbon flows.

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Techno-economics

Cost and investment evidence shows whether circular pathways can move beyond technical demonstration.

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Systems outcomes

Looking across environmental, economic and energy outcomes reveals trade-offs instead of optimizing one metric.

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Publication figures2 publication figures
Composite figure combining reaction-energy profiles, life-cycle emissions, capital costs and techno-economic comparisons for polystyrene waste valorization
Figure 5 · DFT, LCA and TEA

The study combines tandem depolymerization and hydrogenolysis to address the yield–selectivity trade-off in polystyrene waste valorization, alongside LCA and TEA.

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Sankey diagrams showing energy flows for engineered beach-cast seaweed pyrolysis cases
Figure 7 · energy-flow Sankey

The paper evaluates engineered beach-cast seaweed pyrolysis and uses life-cycle assessment to examine its environmental performance.

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Representative published work6 publications

Current research programme

Building from published foundations.

These directions describe research now being developed. They are distinct from the representative published evidence above and do not imply completed results.

01

Sustainable biomass supply

Quantifying agricultural biomass that can be sustainably mobilized while accounting for agronomic, soil and resource constraints.

02

Territorial allocation & deployment

Using geospatial analysis, logistics and optimization to examine where finite biomass resources should be allocated and how conversion systems can be deployed across territories.

03

Integrated system outcomes

Connecting process performance with environmental assessment, carbon accounting, economics and soil–climate trade-offs.

04

Renewable-carbon systems

Evaluating selected biomass, waste and carbon-management pathways within broader resource and deployment systems.

Methods & Tools

Capabilities that move across every module.

Methods are treated as horizontal capabilities. Their value comes from how they clarify a research question, connect scales and make trade-offs explicit.

01
ML

Machine Learning

Interpretable prediction and data-guided relationships across feedstocks, processes and materials.

02
LCA

LCA / TEA

Life-cycle and techno-economic evidence for comparing pathways on consistent system boundaries.

03
SYS

Process & Systems Modelling

Mass, energy and process representations that connect unit operations to system performance.

04
OPT

Optimization

Transparent search across design, operating and allocation choices under real constraints.

05
GIS

GIS / Geospatial Analysis

Spatial resource, transport and siting analysis for territorially explicit decisions.

06
CO₂

Carbon Accounting

Boundary-aware tracking of emissions, removals, permanence and counterfactual outcomes.

Research Network

Research Network

This map is based on published author affiliations and the publication network. It shows a historical academic footprint, not a list of current formal project partners.

14 countries representedPublished journal corpus

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Country boundary source: open-licensed country GeoJSON, stored locally for this interactive map.